Tajikistan

Local name: Tojikistan Respublik
Surface : 143,100 sq km (55,251 sq miles) - Tajikistan is bordered by Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan to the north, Afghanistan to the south and China (PR) to the east. 93 per cent of the republic is occupied by mountains, most notably by the sparsely populated Pamir Mountains, which include Mount Garmo (formerly Pik Kommunizma; 7495m/24,590ft), the highest point of the former Soviet Union.
Population : 6,202,000 inhabitants
Electricity: 220 volts AC, 50Hz. Round, two-pin continental plugs are standard
Climate: In Dushanbe, temperatures vary between a minimum -13°C (8°F) in December/January to a maximum 33°C (91°F) in July/August. Humidity is generally low. In the mountains, it can reach -45°C (-49°F) when the wind chill factor is taken into consideration, and rise to 20°C (68°F) in summer. In the Pamir Mountains, the climate is semi-arid to polar.
PASSPORTS: Passport valid for at least 6 months after date of departure required by all. VISAS: Required by all except nationals of CIS member states (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and the Russian Federation). Note: Passport and Visa regulations for all the CIS states are liable to change at short notice. All travellers are advised to contact the nearest Tajikistan Embassy or Consulate for up-to-date details. Countries where Tajikistan has diplomatic representation currently include Austria, China (PR), Germany, Iran and Turkey.
Capital : Dushanbe. Population: 562,000
System : Republic. Gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 - Under the new constitution agreed between the government and the UTO (see History above), Tajikistan has an executive president who appoints a prime minister to lead a Council of Ministers. The legislature is the bicameral Majlisi Oli, which comprises the 63-member Assembly of Representatives elected by popular vote and the 33-member National Assembly, with 25 members elected by majlis deputies and 8 presidential appointees. Both houses serve a 5-year term.
Languages : Tajik is the official language, an ancient Persian language similar to the languages of Iran and Afghanistan
Religions : Predominantly Sunni Muslim (80 per cent) with a small Shi'ite Muslim minority (5 per cent). A large Ishmaeli minority exists in the Pamirs. There is also a smaller and shrinking Russian Orthodox minority and a small Jewish community.
Money : Somoni (S) = 100 dirams. Notes are in denominations of S100, 50, 20, 10, 5 and 1. Dirams, also issued as notes, are in denominations of diram50, 20, 5 and 1.
Tajikistan
Phone code  IDD to Tajikistan is available but services are unreliable. Country code: 992 (followed by 372 for Dushanbe). Outgoing International code: 00
Greenwich Time + 5